macOS MIDI Player

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macOSlogo.png

This article applies to macOS only.

See also: Multiplatform Programming Guide

Overview

The Apple AVFoundation framework combines four major technology areas: Playback and Editing, Media Capture, Audio and Speech Synthesis. Together these technologies encompass a wide range of tasks for capturing, processing, synthesising, controlling, importing and exporting audiovisual media on Apple platforms. The framework, available from macOS 10.7 (Lion), provides essential services for working with time-based audiovisual media.

  • To play sound files, you can use AVAudioPlayer. Available from macOS 10.7 (Lion).
  • To play video (or sound) files, you can use AVPlayer and AVPlayerLayer. Available from macOS 10.7 (Lion).
  • To record audio, you can use AVAudioRecorder. Available from macOS 10.7 (Lion).
  • To play MIDI or iMelody files, you can use AVMIDIPlayer. Available from macOS 10.10 (Yosemite).

AVMidiPlayer

The AVMidiPlayer class lets you play music file formats such as MIDI and iMelody (non-polyphonic sound format created for mobile phones). It is available from macOS 10.10 (Yosemite). The properties of this class are used for managing information about a music file such as the playback point within the sound’s timeline, duration and playback rate.

Example code

Light bulb  Note: Requires FPC trunk (3.3.1) and macOS 10.10+ (Yosemite).

avmidiplayer2.png

The example code below creates a basic MIDI file player application which plays the midi file included in the application bundle Resources directory. This is useful in itself since Apple removed the ability to play MIDI files in macOS 10.9 (Mavericks) in 2013. While you could still download QuickTime 7 (a 32 bit application) from Apple, macOS 10.15 (Catalina) removed all support for 32 bit software, which includes QuickTime 7 and all media formats and codecs relying on it. 

unit Unit1;

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
{$modeswitch objectivec1}
{$linkframework AVFoundation}
{$modeswitch cblocks}

//{$DEFINE DEBUG}   // Log completion handler calls to console and terminal

{ Requires FPC trunk (3.3.1) and macOS 10.10+ (Yosemite) }

interface

uses
  Classes, SysUtils, Forms, Controls, Graphics, Dialogs,
  CocoaAll, LCLType, StdCtrls, ExtCtrls, ComCtrls;

type
   tblock = reference to procedure; cdecl; cblock;

type
  { AVMIDIPlayer}

    AVMIDIPlayer = objcclass external(NSObject)
    public
      {Initializes a newly allocated MIDI player with the contents of the file
       specified by the URL, using the specified sound bank.
       inURL    - The file to play.
       bankURL  - The URL of the sound bank. The sound bank must be a SoundFont2 or DLS bank.
                  For macOS the bankURL can be set to nil to use the default sound bank.
       outError - Returns, by-reference, a description of the error, if an error occurs.}
      function initWithContentsOfURL_error (inURL: NSURL; soundBankURL: NSURL; outError: NSErrorPtr): id;
                  message 'initWithContentsOfURL:soundBankURL:error:';
      {Prepares to play the sequence by prerolling all events.
       Happens automatically on play if it has not already been called, but may produce a
       delay in startup.}
      procedure prepareToPlay; message 'prepareToPlay';
      {Plays the sequence.
       completionHandler - A block that is executed when playback is completed or stopped.
       If prepareToPlay has not been invoked, play may be delayed while the events are prerolled.}
      //procedure play (completionHandler: AVMIDIPlayerCompletionHandler); message 'play:';
      procedure play (completionHandler: tblock); message 'play:';
      {Stops playing the sequence.}
      procedure stop; message 'stop';
      {This property is the length of the currently loaded file in seconds.}
      function duration: NSTimeInterval; message 'duration';
      {A Boolean value that indicates whether the sequence is playing.
       Note: The player may have reached the end of all the events in any of its tracks,
       but it will return YES until it is stopped.}
      function isPlaying: ObjCBOOL; message 'isPlaying';
      {This property’s default value of 1.0 provides normal playback rate. Rate must be > 0.0.}
      procedure setRate(newValue: single); message 'setRate:';
      function rate: single; message 'rate';
      {The current playback position in seconds. No range-checking is done to ensure
       currenPosityion is <= Duration.
       You can set the currentPosition of the player while the player is playing,
       in which case playback will resume at the new position.}
      procedure setCurrentPosition(newValue: NSTimeInterval); message 'setCurrentPosition:';
      function currentPosition: NSTimeInterval; message 'currentPosition';
    end;

  { TForm1 }

    TForm1 = class(TForm)
    DurationLabel: TLabel;
    ProgressBar: TProgressBar;
    TrackBarLabel: TLabel;
    RateLabel: TLabel;
    SecondsLabel: TLabel;
    PauseButton: TButton;
    StopPlayButton: TButton;
    PlayMidiButton: TButton;
    ElapsedTimer: TTimer;
    RateTrackBar: TTrackBar;
    procedure PauseButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure PlayMidiButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure RateTrackBarClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure StopPlayButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ElapsedTimerTimer(Sender: TObject);
    procedure RateTrackBarChange(Sender: TObject);
  private

  public

  end;

var
  Form1: TForm1;
  myMidiPlayer : AVMidiPlayer = Nil;
  filePos : NSTimeInterval = 0;
  fileDuration : NSTimeInterval = 0;
  myRate : Single = 1;

implementation

{$R *.lfm}

// Executed when the file finishes playing
// or player is paused or player is stopped
procedure myCompletionHandler;
begin
  myMidiPlayer.Stop;
  myMidiPlayer.setCurrentPosition(0);

  // Button states need to be set here when file
  // finishes playing or is paused or is stopped
  Form1.PlayMidiButton.Enabled := True;
  Form1.StopPlayButton.Enabled := False;
  Form1.PauseButton.Enabled := False;

  // If file finished playing or has been stopped
  // but not paused
  if(filePos = 0) then
    begin
      Form1.SecondsLabel.Caption := '0 of ' + FormatFloat('#', fileDuration) + ' seconds';
      Form1.ProgressBar.Position := 0;
      myMidiPlayer.release;   // recycle
      myMidiPlayer := Nil;    // memory
    end;

  {$IFDEF DEBUG}
  NSLog(NSStr('Completion handler called'));
  {$ENDIF}
end;

// Play midi procedure
procedure PlayMidi(midiFileName : NSString);
var
  path: NSString;
  url : NSURL;
  err : NSError;
begin
  // Do nothing if already playing a midi file
  if(myMidiPlayer.IsPlaying) then
    exit;

  // If player has not been paused
  if(filePOS = 0) then
    begin
      // Path to your application bundle's resource directory
      // with the midi filename appended
      path := NSBundle.mainBundle.resourcePath.stringByAppendingPathComponent(midiFileName);
      url  := NSURL.fileURLWithPath(path);

      // Create MidiPlayer and load midi file
      myMidiPlayer := AVMidiPlayer.alloc.initWithContentsOfURL_error(url, Nil, @err);

      // Save file duration
      fileDuration := myMidiPlayer.duration;

      if Assigned(myMidiPlayer) then
        begin
          myMidiPlayer.setRate(myRate);
          myMidiPlayer.prepareToPlay;
          Form1.SecondsLabel.Caption := '0 of ' + FormatFloat('#', fileDuration)
             + ' seconds';
          Form1.ProgressBar.Max:= Trunc(fileDuration);
          myMidiPlayer.play(@myCompletionHandler);
        end
      else
        // Use the Applications > Utilities > Console application to find error messages
        NSLog(NSStr('Error in procedure PlayMidi(): %@'), err);
    end
  // Otherwise resume playing existing file
  else
    begin
       myMidiPlayer.setCurrentPosition(filePos);
       Form1.SecondsLabel.Caption := FormatFloat('#', filePos) + ' of '
         + FormatFloat('#', fileDuration) + ' seconds';
       myMidiPlayer.play(@myCompletionHandler);
    end;
end;

// Play file
procedure TForm1.PlayMidiButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  PlayMidi(NSStr('Elvis-HoundDog.mid'));
  //PlayMidi(NSStr('whitewed.mid'));

  // Enable Timer for elapsed time
  ElapsedTimer.Enabled := True;

  // Set button states
  PlayMidiButton.Enabled := False;
  PauseButton.Enabled := True;
  StopPlayButton.Enabled := True;
end;

// Pause playback of file
procedure TForm1.PauseButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  // If file is playing
  if(myMidiPlayer.IsPlaying) then
    begin
      // Stop play (also calls myCompletionHandler)
      myMidiPlayer.Stop;

      // Save file position for resumption
      filePos := myMidiPlayer.currentPosition;

      // Disable elapsed timer
      ElapsedTimer.Enabled := False;
    end;
end;

// Stop playback of file
procedure TForm1.StopPlayButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  // If file is playing
  if(myMidiPlayer.IsPlaying) then
    begin
      // Stop play (also calls myCompletionHandler)
      myMidiPlayer.stop;

      // Zero file position (indicates stopped, not paused)
      filePos := 0;
    end;
end;

// Update elaspsed seconds
procedure TForm1.ElapsedTimerTimer(Sender: TObject);
begin
   // Stop timer if file not playing
   if(myMidiPlayer.isPlaying = False) then
     begin
       ElapsedTimer.Enabled := False;
       // Workaround to update the button status and labels
       // from myCompletionHandler() - otherwise not updated
       // in real time (up to 30 seconds later!)
       Form1.RateTrackBarClick(RateTrackBar);
     end
   // Otherwise update elapsed seconds
   // and progeess bar position
   else
     begin
       SecondsLabel.Caption := FormatFloat('#', myMidiPlayer.currentPosition)
         + ' of ' + FormatFloat('#', fileDuration)
         + ' seconds';
       ProgressBar.Position := Trunc(myMidiPlayer.currentPosition);
     end;
end;

// Workaround to update the button status and labels
// from myCompletionHandler() - otherwise not updated
// in real time (up to 30 seconds later!)
procedure TForm1.RateTrackBarClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  // See Bug: https://bugs.freepascal.org/view.php?id=37125
  // RateTrackBar.SetFocus; causes 1 unfreed memory block of 32 bytes on exit
  RateTrackBar.Update;
  ProgressBar.Update;
end;

// Adjust playing rate of file
procedure TForm1.RateTrackBarChange(Sender: TObject);
begin
  If(RateTrackBar.Position = 1) then
    myRate := 0.50
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 2) then
    myRate := 0.60
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 3) then
    myRate := 0.70
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 4) then
    myRate := 0.80
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 5) then
    myRate := 0.90
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 6) then
    myRate := 1.00
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 7) then
    myRate := 1.10
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 8) then
    myRate := 1.20
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 9) then
    myRate := 1.30
  else if (RateTrackBar.Position = 10) then
    myRate := 1.40
  else
    myRate := 1.50;

  myMidiPlayer.setRate(myRate);
  RateLabel.Caption := FormatFloat('##.##',myRate) + 'x';
end;

end.

Full source code is available from SourceForge.

See also

External links

Retrieved from "https://wiki.freepascal.org/index.php?title=macOS_MIDI_Player&oldid=147726"