Installing Lazarus/ko

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개관

간단히 라자루스를 설치하고 프로그래밍을 위해 시작하기 위하는 사람에게가장 쉬운 접근 방법은 최신버전의 상당히 안정적인 바이너리 배포판을 다운로드하고 설치하기면 하면 된다(리눅스에서는 ".rpm" 패키지, 윈도우즈에서는 ".exe"인스톨러, 또는 Mac OS X 에서는 ".dmg" 패키지). 리눅스나 윈도우에서 "fpc binaries"라는 제목이 붙은 섹션을 읽거나, 리눅스나 윈도우에서 라자루스를 설치하는 섹션의 첫번째 파라그래프를 읽을 수 있다; 대부분의 남겨진 정보는 무시해도 괜찮다.

컴파일러나 IDE의 개발에 참여하고자 하는 사람이나, 최신의 툴을 원하는 사람들은 소스파일로 부터 설치하는 것이 필요하며 이 정보의 나머지 부분도 관계가 있게 된다.

라자루스는 두 부분을 제공한다:

  • LCL - 라자루스 컴포넌트 라이브러리(the Lazarus Component Library)
  • IDE - RAD 도구

이것들은 다시 다음것에 의존한다:

  • FPC - 프리파스칼 컴파일러(the FreePascal compiler)
  • FCL - 프리파스칼 컴포넌트 라이브러리(the FreePascal Component library)로서 라자루스에서 사용하는 대부분의 비-그래픽 컴포넌트들이 있다

라자루스 시스템 요구사항

  1. 프리파스칼 컴파일러, 패키지, 소스. (*중요*: 같은 버전/날짜의)
  2. 지원되는 위젯 툴 킷
    Win32
    네이티브 Win32 API 가 사용된다.
    리눅스/xxxBSD
    GTK+ 1.2.x : 대부분의 리눅스 배포판과 *BSD는 GTK+ 1.2.x 라이브러리를 대부분 포함하고 있다.다음에서 찾을 수도 있다 http://www.gtk.org.
    gdk-pixbuf, 0.13이나 새로운 버전(0.18이나 새로운 버젼)이 필요하며 대부분 2년이내의 최신 배포판에서 찾을 수 있다.
    소스는 다음에서 찾을 수 있다 ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/gdk-pixbuf/
    Mac OS X
    Apple 개발자 툴이 필요하다. 아래의 Mac OS X 부분의 설치를 보라.
    GTK+ 2.x
    경고 : GTK2 인터페이스는 아직 완전하지가 않아 아직은 테스트 목적으로 사용한다.
    이것은 대부분의 최신 배포판에서 찾을 수 있다. 소스는 다음에 있다 http://www.gtk.org.

FAQ - 자주하는 질문 파일은 다음에 있다 http://www.lazarus.freepascal.org . 많은 질문이 'FAQ' 파일에 있다.

다음 섹션은 FreePascal 를 얻는 방법과 라자루스를 적절히 설치하는 방법을 설명한다.

프리파스칼 컴파일러의 설치

이곳에서 구할 수 있는 프리파스칼 컴파일러를 설치하고 빌드하는 방법에 대한 많은 논의가 있었습니다. http://www.stack.nl/~marcov/buildfaq.pdf - 이것은 어떤 사용자에게는 너무 자세하여 부족할 지도 모르겠지만 적정스럽기도 합니다.

라자루스는 fpc(프리파스칼) 버전 2.2.2 혹은 상위 버전이 필요하며 이것은 컴파일 된 fpc libs(바이너리)와 fpc 소스의 같은 버전이 필요합니다.


리눅스에서 프리파스칼을 설치하기

FPC 바이너리

The latest release of FreePascal, version 2.2.2, can be obtained from the FreePascal website (http://www.freepascal.org/download.html, then choose a mirror) or from sourceforge (http://sourceforge.net/projects/lazarus).

At the lazarus downloads section (http://www.lazarus.freepascal.org ) you can get the RPM or DEB of the Free Pascal compiler (compiler / linux) and its packages. If you don't have an RPM-based or debian-based distribution, you can download and install the tarballs from http://www.freepascal.org. If you want to compile the binaries for yourself, see the BSD section.

Instructions:

WARNING: if you're not using RPMs or debian packages (even if you plan to use alien) it's best to get latest stable fpc (2.2.2 as of now) and install Lazarus from source.

Start linux and login as ROOT.

Download lastest files from http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=89339. As example:

  • fpc-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm
  • fpc-src-2.2.2-081004.i386.rpm
  • lazarus-0.9.26-0.i386.rpm

and install them with:

  • rpm -Uvh fpc-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm
  • rpm -Uvh fpc-src-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm
  • rpm -Uvh lazarus-0.9.26-0.i386.rpm

Debian users will need to resort to either alien (warning, it doesn't generate fpc.cfg) or the tarball install.

FPC Sources

Since the version 2.0 release, FPC has migrated to Subversion (SVN). There is currently no CVS mirror, so you will have to use SVN to get the FPC sources.

Download Daily Source Snapshot of Development Tree (version 2.3.x)

You can download today's development (v 2.3.x) sources in the form of a packed snapshot from the SVN source repository: these snapshots are updated on a daily basis, and reflect the state of the source repository. The files are kept at the site which has the SVN archive. Entire public sources archive of v2.3.x: fpc.zip (24 MB)

Download Daily Source Snapshot of Release Tree (version 2.2.x)

You can download today's development (v 2.2.x) sources that will lead to the next stable release in form of a packed snapshot from the SVN source repository: these snapshots are updated on a daily basis, and reflect the state of the source repository. The files are kept at the site which has the SVN archive. Entire public sources archive of v2.2.x: fpc.zip (24 MB)


Connect to Source Repository with SVN (replaces section on connection to CVS)

As an alternative to the daily zip files of the SVN sources, the SVN repository has been made accessible for everyone, with read-only access. This means that you can directly access the code, and you will have really the last-minute sources available. It is also a method which requires less bandwidth once you have done the first download (checkout in SVN lingo).

Development snapshots

How to do this? (You need to have SVN installed, of course. Look here for instructions on how to do that.)

Change Directory (cd) to the parent directory of your development area, eg 

[]$ cd /home/username/FreePascal

To retrieve the full source repository, all publicly available modules, type 

[]$ svn checkout http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/fpc/trunk fpc

Normally, you should perform this step just once.

To update the sources which were downloaded (checkout) above 

[]$svn update fpc


Fixes to 2.2.x

The fixes need a separate directory, create a separate directory 'fixes', enter it, and repeat the above checkout command with the URL http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/fpc/branches/fixes_2_2: 

[]$ cd mysvn/fixes
[]$ svn checkout http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/fpc/branches/fixes_2_2 fpc

and to update: 

[]$ svn update fpc

The sources of docs are in a separate repository called fpcdocs, so the command to get them is 

[]$ svn checkout http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/fpcdocs/trunk fpcdocs

If you want to learn more about subversion, read this excellent Subversion book which is also available online in different formats for free.

For the curious: You have only read-only access, so don't try to commit anything :-)

For more information, see the FreePascal website

Installing Free Pascal under Windows

FPC Binaries for Windows

By far the easiest way to get a working installation of Free Pascal is to download the current binary Windows release of Lazarus from the SourceForge repository - the release contains the current versions of the FreePascal compiler and the FreePascal libraries as well as the lazarus IDE. If you want to install from sources, read on!

You can get the installer zip for fpc 2.2.2 at Free Pascal's download section http://www.freepascal.org/download.html, then choose a mirror). Installing from the sources -- see the next section to know how to get them -- is not for novices, since you need a starting compiler as well.

FPC Sources for Windows

<<<< See section above under FPC Sources for Linux, where the use of SVN is described >>>>

The easiest way to get the Free Pascal sources is via SVN; see the next section for more on that. You can also download the package as a whole -- see http://www.freepascal.org/develop.html for the daily snapshot of the 2.3.x release tree.

Windows FPC Sources via SVN ()

You will need to have a SVN client such as TortoiseSVN installed in order to perform the steps below. The exact commands vary between SVN clients; the ones given below are to be used under SVN home's client, which is available for download here.

First create a directory in which you'd like to put the sources. Any normal user can do this. Create a directory for fpc (e.g. C:\Source), then do the following at the command prompt: 

 C:\Source> svn co http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/svn/trunk fpc

Hint: To download/update the latest changes you can simply do 

 C:\> cd Source\FPC
 C:\Source\FPC> svn up

ToDo: Write me.

See: http://www.freepascal.org/down-win32.html . You can find a list of mirrors at http://www.freepascal.org/sdown.html. Download FPC as one big file, unzip it and run the install.exe.

Extending your PATH variable to the fpc directory:

  • Win98: Edit autoexec.bat and add the line: PATH=%PATH%;C:\pp\bin\bin\win32
  • WinXP/2k: My Computer (Right Click) -> Properties -> Advanced (Page) -> Enviroment Variables -> System Variables -> Edit "PATH", Add "C:\pp\bin\bin\win32" there.

Then restart windows.

ToDo: Explain how to download fpc sources and build the compiler

Installing Free Pascal under FreeBSD/auto

Latest FreeBSD ports collection has 2.2.2 stable version in ports/lang/fpc. But they are scattered over 57 (!) packages and do not install the sources, so it is almost always better to install manually (see below). Nevertheless here is how to install the port.

This can be done as root. 

[]# cd /usr/ports/lang/fpc && make install && make clean

Other possibility is to use portinstall. 

[]# portinstall fpc

Once fpc is installed you can check if it's working by simply running 

[]$ fpc

Installing Free Pascal under Linux/BSD manually

Effectively, you need

A file with all sources, or two (fpc and lazarus)

1. e.g. for fpc ftp://ftp.freepascal.org/fpc/dist/Linux/separate/sources.tar preferably an export (no CVS/ dirs). The above file misses this. 2. Lazarus source snapshot.

  • any starting compiler from the 2.2.2 branch) You can do a check by parsing the output of ppc386 -i if it is 2.2.2 .. 2.3.x it is ok.
  • dependant packages. (for FreeBSD that is gtk12, glib12 and gdk_pixbuf and GNU make, iconv and gettext)

FPC build:

1. (fetch) neccessary files (FPC source, starting compiler) 2. (extract) Then de-tgz in work directory, 3. (build) enter work/fpc/ and run 

 $MAKE all OPT='-gl'  PP=/path/to/startingcompiler-name-ppc386
(/path/to/ can be omitted when ppc386 is in the path)
($MAKE is make on linux and gmake on BSD)

4. (install) then, again in work/fpc, run 

$MAKE install PP=compiler/ppc386 PREFIX=$THEPREFIX
(THEPREFIX= usually is /usr/local or just /usr, but e.g. on
NetBSD it is /usr/pkg for ports)
Create a symlink:
  ln -s $THEPREFIX/lib/fpc/2.2.2/ppc386 $THEPREFIX/bin/ppc386
Install sources
  $MAKE install sourceinstall PREFIX=$THEPREFIX
Create a symlink for default Lazarus source path:
 ln -sf $THEPREFIX/share/src/2.2.2/fpc /usr/share/fpcsrc

5. (configure) run 

 $THEPREFIX/lib/fpc/2.2.2/samplecfg $THEPREFIX/lib/fpc/2.2.2 $ETCDIR

6. (optional, test), see if ppc386 -i gives output, else give a warning that user need to add $PREFIX/bin to his current path. Try to compiler a program with -viwn, and see if that gives errors. Notes:

  • If you need fpcmake package lists, you need to generate or supply them yourself, (in the port, or in an extra archive) either way, do a dummy install to /tmp/pack and determine the files installed with find . >ll
  • $THEPREFIX and $ETCDIR should be user configurable. Otherwise local installs aren't possible.
  • BSDHIER=1 on all make commands forces BSD hierarchy conventions.

Mac OS X상에서 Free Pascal 설치하기

Installing Lazarus on macOS/ko을 보세요.

Installing Lazarus

Installing Lazarus under Linux

Ubuntu / Debian

The easiest way to get a current working installation of Lazarus is to download the .deb files for FreePascal and Lazarus from the SourceForge repository. Here is how: Getting_Lazarus#Getting_Lazarus_from_our_Ubuntu_repository.

Note that installing from the default Ubuntu sources will not install the Free Pascal Source Libraries - use the method above.

Building debs the easy way

The easiest way to get a current working installation of Lazarus is to download build your own .deb packages by following the instructions at:

How_to_setup_a_FPC_and_Lazarus_Ubuntu_repository

Installing using rpms

The next easiest way is to the RPMs for FreePascal and Lazarus from the SourceForge repository.

You need to download the selected version of

  • the compiler (eg fpc-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm)
  • the pascal source library (eg fpc-src-2.2.2-081004.i386.rpm)
  • the Lazarus package (eg lazarus-0.9.26-0.i386.rpm).

Here is an example of a script to install or update to ver.0.9.26 from a mirror, nchc. Save it as something like "InstallLazarus.sh", give it execute permission, and run after getting root privileges using su. Don't mind if you get "not installed" message. 

 #!/bin/sh
 URL=http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lazarus
 wget $URL/fpc-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm
 wget $URL/fpc-src-2.2.2-081004.i386.rpm
 wget $URL/lazarus-0.9.26-0.i386.rpm
 rpm -ev lazarus
 rpm -ev fpc
 rpm -ev fpc-src
 rpm -ivh fpc-*
 rpm -ivh lazarus-*

Installing on Mandriva

Lazarus 0.9.26 on Mandriva 2009 (2009.0) (i386) (GTK-1)

Not much has changed compared to Mandriva 2007. The following instruction shall not differ for an x86_64 architecture.

1/ Do not install FPC from Drake. If you have done so, desinstall it. Since Mandriva does not provide the complete set of tools (FPC+sources+documentation+Lazarus) it is better, in my opinion, to have complete control on all of them through rpms.

2/ Collect fresh rpms on sourceforge (http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=89339): select the RPM version of the latest lazarus release compatible with your architecture and download fpc, fpc-src, fpc-docs and lazarus RPMs.

3/ Browse the directory where you downloaded the RPMs (with Nautilus or whatever file browser your using) and double click on the RPMs in this ordrer: 

  (a) fpc-<version>-<arch>.rpm
  (b) fpc-docs-<version>-<arch>.rmp
  (c) fpc-src-<version>-<arch>.rpm
  (d) lazarus-<version>-<arch>.rpm

4/ It is possible that the Drake (the software that will manage your RPMs) will complain about missing libraries or tools. Use Drake to collect them. For instance, you shall have installed developpement tools such as "GNU Make". Search and if necessary install "GNU Make". You might be missing the ld (the linkage utility), you can install for instance the "gcc" package.

5/ As before, it is possible to search for and install "galaxy-gnome" and "gtk-switch" with Drake. Nonetheless, they are not required for Lazarus to work properly. Gnome Galaxy are a set of cool themes you can use in the System menu->Preferences->Themes.

6/ Lazarus might complain about the FPC sources that are not correctly set. Go to Configuration->Environement then set the FPC sources directory to your local installation (it should be /usr/local/fpcsrc/<version>/).

7/ When launched, the libcanberra-module-gtk might not be found. I tried to build a symlink (ln -s) but if Lazarus manages to find this library... it crashes. It might be safer to ignore this error.

8/ Have fun with the coolest RAD of the Free World.

Lazarus 0.9.26 on Mandriva 2007 (2007.0) (i386) (GTK-1)

Installation in Mandriva is very easy. However, there are a few points to check as the installation proceeds. Here is a typical installation using the .tar modules (see the trick for the theme at the end of the procedure!):

- During the Mandriva installation, select the "Gnome desktop" group. Although you will use lazarus in KDE or other desktop, this will install some GTK modules needed by the lazarus environment.

- Install the FPC 2.2.2 compiler using either the .rpm or .tar, modules. Using the .tar modules you would type: "sh install.sh" then RETURN many times. I do this in superuser mode.

- Install the compiler source code. just untar the file "fpc-src-2.2.2.source.tgz" in the folder /usr/local/src/fpc/ then rename the created folder "fpc" to "2.2.2" . When complete, you have the folder /usr/local/src/fpc/2.2.2/ that contains all the source code. The source code is only needed by lazarus editor, but you can recompile FPC and have an optimized version of the libraries, and show that everything is working well:

- If you want to compile FPC (optional), then go to the FPC source directory (/usr/local/src/fpc/2.2.2/) and type "./configure", "make clean","make all","make install","make clean". FPC is now installed. Check the content of "/etc/fpc.cfg". This file has to be modified when the make fails.

- Lazarus can be installed in user mode: just unzip/untar the file "lazarus-0.9.26.0.tar.gz" in your user directory. Then just type "make clean all" in the user mode. The last phase of the process (link) usually fails due to missing library files:

- Check in the directory /usr/lib/ for the following symbolic links:

libglib.so -> libglib-1.2.so.0

libgtk.so -> libgtk-1.2.so.0.9.1

libgdk.so -> libgdk-1.2.so.0.9.1

libgdk_pixbuf.so -> libgdk_pixbuf.so.2.0.0

The file "libgdk_pixbuf.so.2.0.0" is included in the module "libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.22.0-10mdv2007.0.rpm" This file name is critical. In particular, DO NOT use "libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0" (misleading isn't!).

After all the links have been fixed, the "Linking ../lazarus" stage will not crash any more and the "./lazarus" command should start the program!

- Go to the "environment/environment options" menu and change the "FPC source directory" to /user/local/src/fpc/2.2.2

USEFUL TO KNOW:

- The last step is to fix the theme. The package "galaxy-gnome-1.0.4-3mdv2007.0" is available in the Mandriva control center. Install it.

- The package "gtk-theme-switch-1.0.1-4mdv2007.0.i586.rpm" is available on the web! (strangely it did not show in the control center) Install it manually by typing "rpm -iv --test gtk-theme-switch-1.0.1-4mdv2007.0.i586.rpm" then retype the line without the "--test" in my case there was a warning message related to the signature. I decided to ignore it!

- in the USER MODE, type "switch", then chose "galaxy" theme.

The Lazarus / FPC tool is now installed!

Lazarus 0.9.26 on Mandriva 2007/or -2006 32 bit

Write this urpmi-command as root: 

urpmi http://surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lazarus/lazarus-0.9.26-0.i386.rpm http://surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lazarus/fpc-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm http://surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lazarus/fpc-docs-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm http://surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lazarus/fpc-src-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm

Lazarus 0.9.26 depends on fpc 2.2.2 and Mandriva 2007 is shipped with fpc-2.1.1-0.2mdk.i586. To prevent your system to upgrade to fpc-2.1.1 or newer in the future, when you run commands as urpmi --auto-select, you can write fpc in /etc/urpmi/skip.list.

Lazarus untested snapshot on Mandriva 2007 32 bit
urpmi $(for RPM in $(lynx --source http://michael-ep3.physik.uni-halle.de/Lazarus/ | grep i386.rpm | cut -d '"' -f 4-4) ; do echo -n http://michael-ep3.physik.uni-halle.de/Lazarus/$RPM ' '; done )
Installing Lazarus + fpc For Mandriva X86_64

This has worked for Mandriva 2007.0 X86_64 (AMD X2 4800+). 

fpc-2.2.2-0.x86_64.rpm
fpc-src-2.2.2-081004.x86_64.rpm
lazarus-0.9.26-0.x86_64.rpm
  • To download and install the current snapshot:

urpmi $(for RPM in $(lynx --source http://michael-ep3.physik.uni-halle.de/Lazarus/ | grep 64.rpm | cut -d '"' -f 4-4) ; do echo -n http://michael-ep3.physik.uni-halle.de/Lazarus/$RPM ' '; done )
You might have to install lynx and make first: urpmi lynx make.

  • Once the RPMs have been installed. Run lazarus for the first time. It will pop up a dialog complaining that the "/usr/bin/ppc386" and "/usr/lib/lazarus" are not valid. Accept ("OK") the alternate choices it suggests.
  • When compiling your first project, you may find that lazarus complains of missing libs (e.g. gdk, glib, etc.). Install the necessary libs as needed, I installed these (that I recall, YMMV):
glib-devel
lib64gtk+1.2-devel
lib64gtk+2.0_0-devel
lib64gdk-pixbuf2
lib64gdk-pixbuf2-devel

Installing on Slackware

Installing Lazarus 0.9.26, for Slackware 12.0 users

This have worked in Slackware-12.0 on a Pentium-3 computer:

  • The Free Pascal Compiler (FPC) is installed in SUPERUSER mode
  • The lazarus in installed in USER mode
  • The FPC compiler will be recompiled
  • The lazarus Integrated Development Environment (IDE) source code is loaded from the SVN server
  • The GTK-2 widget set is used ("LCL_PLATFORM=gtk2")

-- Download "fpc-2.2.2.i386-linux.tar" in a user folder and install it. Go to this folder and type: 

 bash-3.1$ tar -xvf fpc-2.2.2.i386-linux.tar
 bash-3.1$ su 
 bash-3.1$ password:xxxxxx
 bash-3.1# sh install.sh
 ...
 (use the default answers for the next 6 questions: press "return" 6 times)
 ...
 bash-3.1# exit
 bash-3.2$ fpc
 free pascal compiler version 2.2.2 [] for i386 
 Copyright (c) 2008 ...
 ...
 ...

You have installed the compiler. You may want to recompile it or not, but in any case you will need to download the source code as it is required by the lazarus IDE.

-- Download "fpc-2.2.2.source.tar.gz" in a temporary folder. If you do not want to recompile the source then just skip this section. If you would like to run your own compiled version of FPC, then just type: 

 bash-3.1$ tar -xvzf fpc-2.2.2.source.tar.gz
 bash-3.1$ cd fpc-2.2.2
 bash-3.1$ make clean all
 bash-3.1$ su
 bash-3.1$ password: xxxxxxxx
 bash-3.1# make install
 bash-3.1# exit
 bash-3.1$ fpc
 free pascal compiler version 2.2.2 [...] for i386 
 Copyright (c) 2008 ...
 ...
 ...

Now you have your own compiled version working.

-- The lazarus IDE editor needs to look at the FPC source code. Even if you do not want to recompile FPC, you need its source code. However, in order to save some space, I only keep a clean (not compiled) copy of the source code. I start from the file "fpc-2.2.2.source.tar.gz" again and I copy it to the /usr/local/src/FPC folder: 

 bash-3.1$ su
 bash-3.1$ password: xxxxxxxx
 bash-3.1# cp fpc-2.2.2.source.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
 bash-3.1# cd /usr/local/src/
 bash-3.1# tar -xvzf fpc-2.2.2.source.tar.gz
 bash-3.1# rm fpc-2.2.2.source.tar.gz
 bash-3.1# exit

The version number is included in the folder name "fpc-2.2.2". This way I can keep many versions the the compiler source and eventually switch between them.

-- The lazarus IDE is kept in my USER "~/lazarus" folder and always compiled in USER mode. I usually download the "lazarus-0.9.26-0.tar.gz" file, but here we can also get the latest development version from the SVN server: 

  bash-3.1$ svn co http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/lazarus/trunk lazarus

This is for the first time you load it. Next time you will only need to type: 

  bash-3.1$ svn update

If you do not have SVN installed on your computer, here is how to get it quickly:

--Download the two files: "subversion-1.4.6.tar.gz" and "subversion-deps-1.4.5.tar.gz" (or later versions). Type: 

  bash-3.1$ tar -xvzf subversion-1.4.6.tar.gz
  bash-3.1$ tar -xvzf subversion-deps-1.4.6.tar.gz
  bash-3.1$ cd subversion-1.4.6
  bash-3.1$ ./configure
  bash-3.1$ make
  bash-3.1$ su
  bash-3.1$ password:xxxxxx
  bash-3.1# make install
  bash-3.1$ exit

-- At this point you have the folder "~/lazarus" containing the source code. You should compile it very simply: 

  bash-3.1$ make clean all LCL_PLATFORM=gtk2

The "LCL_PLATFORM=gtk2" means of course that you will develop your applications in GTK-2. The default widget set for lazarus is GTK-1 but you will not be able to use it in Slackware 12.0. I strongly recommend that you use the "LCL_PLATFORM=gtk2" option now. After a few minutes, the compiler stops: 

  ...
  ...
  Linking ../Lazbuild
  987 linescompiled ...
  make [2] leaving ...
  make [1] leaving ...
  bash-3.1$

-- Just type: 

  bash-3.1$ ./lazarus

WOW! You get a message: "Free Pascal sources not found". Just follow the instructions and indicate your Free Pascal Compiler source directory in the panel: "Environment->Environment_Options->Files". As explained earlier, on my computer this should point to "/usr/local/src/fpc-2.2.2". Note that when you change this folder, you should click on "Environment / Rescan_FPC_source_directory".

Voila!

Installing on Suse

Installing Lazarus 0.9.26. For Suse 10.1 users

This have worked on SUSE10.0 and FC5.

Start Linux and login as "Root"

Free Pascal Compiler requires:
- Gnu binutils (gnu as, gnu ld, gnu make) - check it out with "YAST"

Download these binary files (RPM)

  • fpc-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm (yes i586 and not i386)
  • fpc-src-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm

install them opening a terminal session (mouse's right button -> Menu: Open in terminal)

  • rpm -Uvh fpc-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm
  • rpm -Uvh fpc-src-2.2.2-0.i386.rpm

Lazarus requires these components: 1) glib devel 2) gtk devel 3) gdk-pixbuf-devel 4) gtk+-devel.

Important: The lazarus rpm requires the gtk 1 or 1.2 version, not the version 2 of the above packages.

The last component seems does not work with Suse, then once we have installed the first three components we can force installation with -nodeps option:

  • rpm -Uvh --nodeps lazarus-0.9.26-0.i386.rpm

Note: If you did not install the devel packages, you can setup the links yourself (/opt/gnome/lib): 

 libgtk-1.2.so.0 -> libgtk.so
 libglib-1.2.so.0 -> libglib.so
 libgdk-1.2.so.0 -> libgdk.so
 libgdk_pixbuf.so.2.0.0 -> libgdk_pixbuf.so

These filenames are for OpenSuSE 10.2.

Installing from source

If you prefer to install from source and compile the files yourself, follow these instructions. Because the whole lazarus stuff is installed into one directory, uninstall is very easy and you don't need to be root to install lazarus. You can get tgz files for fpc, fpcsrc and lazarus from the downloads section or you can download it directly via svn.

Here is an example of installing 0.9.26 to Ubuntu 6.06. If you understand Linux commands and bash script, you can get what steps are needed. Just copy the script (change the version number when new version has been released), paste it into a text editor, and save it as something like "install_lazarus.sh". Give it execute permission, and run it in a console. Note: In this example, fpc is installed in /opt. So when prompted 'Install prefix', enter '/opt/fpc'. 

 #!/bin/sh
 
 #installing required packages
 sudo apt-get install build-essential
 sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
 sudo apt-get install libgdk-pixbuf-dev
 
 #installing FreePascal source
 cd /opt
 sudo wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/lazarus/fpc-src-2.2.2.source.tgz
 sudo tar -xvf fpc-src-2.2.2.source.tgz
 sudo mv fpc fpcsrc
 
 #installing FreePascal
 sudo mkdir fpc
 cd fpc
 sudo wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/lazarus/fpc-2.2.2.i386-linux.tar
 sudo tar -xvf fpc-2.2.2.i386-linux.tar
 echo "Enter '/opt/fpc' when prompted 'Install prefix'"
 sudo sh install.sh
 
 #adding fpc path to the PATH
 echo "#FPC PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile
 echo "if [ -d /opt/fpc/bin ] ; then" >> ~/.bash_profile 
 echo PATH=/opt/fpc/bin:"${PATH}" >> ~/.bash_profile
 echo "fi" >> ~/.bash_profile
 
 #installing Lazarus
 cd ../
 sudo wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/lazarus/lazarus-0.9.26-0.tar.gz
 sudo tar -zxvf lazarus-0.9.26-0.tar.gz
 PATH=/opt/fpc/bin:"${PATH}"
 sudo chmod -R 777 lazarus
 cd lazarus
 make clean all
 ./lazarus

Note: You have to manually set fpc-src path in the Environmental Options.

Downloading Lazarus SVN

The lazarus repository has moved from cvs to svn (Subversion). SVN provides an easy way to update your sources by only downloading the changes. This is the recommended way and saves you a lot of time. A connection to the internet is needed for this: you don't need to be root. Lazarus does not need any special permissions, neither during installation nor at runtime.

With the move we also changed the directory layout of the lazarus sources. The main difference is that all ide sources are moved from the root to a separate ide subdir. As anybody might understand, this has an impact on the Makefiles, the searchpaths etc. We are in progress of fixing things, so if something doesn't work, please let us know.

Now the most important thing.... getting the sources
 []$ svn checkout http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/lazarus/trunk/ lazarus

(or any other dir where you want to place your sources)

On subsequent occasions, to update simply type 

 []$ svn update lazarus

For more information on Subversion, see: http://subversion.tigris.org/

Note: the CVS is still accessable, but it frozen. This means that no new updates are comitted.

Compiling and running

Whether you checkout from cvs or svn, the next step is:

compile lazarus
[]$ cd lazarus
[]$ make  (gmake on BSD)


If fpc is installed correctly, the compilation should work without problems. If not, see FAQ.

Start lazarus
[]$ ./lazarus

The IDE should start. If you started lazarus in a terminal, you can see some notes about missing settings. This is normal at first start. The IDE automatically tries to find out where the freepascal compiler and its sources are installed by searching in the most common directories.

Check the paths
Use the IDE menu to go to
Environment -> Environment Options -> Files

The 'FPC Source directory' should point to your fpc source directory. This directory normally ends with /fpc/ or /fpcsrc/ (e.g. /usr/src/fpcsrc or /home/username/freepascal/fpc) and contains directories like 'compiler', 'docs', 'fcl', 'rtl' and 'packages'.

See here for the documentation about this dialog: IDE_Window:_Environment_Options

Hint

To update lazarus you can use 

[]$ svn update lazarus

then for either update pathway: 

[]$ make clean all   (gmake on BSD)

This will rebuild lazarus and create an IDE without lazarus packages. To link your installed packages do after the above: 

[]$ ./lazbuild --build-ide=

Installing Lazarus under Debian GNU/Linux

There are preliminary Debian packages for lazarus available for download. They are not the latest versions, however. Make sure you read /usr/share/doc/lazarus/README.Debian carefully before you start using it. Feedback is needed and appreciated; please send your comments to Carlos Laviola <claviola@debian.org>.

Note that for a fully working Lazarus install, no older or incompatible versions of, for example, the fpc source or fpc compiler must be installed. Remove them by typing 

 dpkg -r <package name>

without .deb extension. And then install the newest versions as described.

Installing Lazarus under Windows

The current releases of the Windows Lazarus binary packages install very easily, and should work 'out-of-the-box'.

It is even possible to install the whole Lazarus/FPC package on a portable USB drive (capacity at least 256 MB), for use in environments where you are not allowed to install software on your Windows workstation or where you haven't got administrator privileges. You do have to be a little careful about adjusting the paths in the compiler and environment options and the fpc.cfg file. It may also be necessary to keep the directory for test compilation on your portable drive.

<< Q:DOES ANYONE KNOW HOW TO SET UP RELATIVE PATHS IN THESE TAGS AND FILES, SO THAT THE ADDRESSING WORKS WHEN YOU MOVE THE USB DEVICE TO ANOTHER MACHINE WHERE IT HAS A DIFFERENT DRIVE LETTER?

A: This is what I do. It's relatively convoluted, but it's the best solution I've found. I have a "bin" directory on my USB drive, where I have several scripts and utilities installed. Inside that directory is a batch file called "setenv.bat" which sets an environment variable called THUMBDRIVE. It is set by using this command in the batch file: 

  set THUMBDRIVE=%CD:~0,2%

This is used in setenv.bat to set some paths to other things I have installed on the USB drive. I also have a link in the root directory of the thumb drive with this property: 

 %SystemRoot%\system32\cmd.exe /k bin\setenv

so that when I click on that link when the thumb drive folder is diplayed after inserting it, it will open a command prompt at the thumb drive with the environment variables set from setenv.bat.

Also inside the bin directory is sed (the actual binary is one I obtained from the mingw distribution). So I created another batch file called fixlaz.bat which takes one argument, the drive letter which is currently in the Lazarus/fpc settings files that you want to change (note that this is the previous drive letter the last time you ran fixlaz.bat, not the current one of your USB drive which fixlaz.bat already knows). You will need to create this batch file to fit where you installed Lazarus in the root directory structure of the drive if you didn't install it directly in the root folder, and then repeat these lines also for the editoroptions.xml and fpc.cfg files (fpc.cfg is the the fpc bin directory, which might be buried deep in the lazarus folder): 

 copy %THUMBDRIVE%\lazarus\environmentoptions.xml %THUMBDRIVE%\lazarus\environmentoptions.bak
 sed -e 's/%1/%THUMBDRIVE%/g' %THUMBDRIVE%\lazarus\environmentoptions.bak > %THUMBDRIVE%\lazarus\environmentoptions.xml

So to use it, I would type at the command prompt of the USB drive: 

 fixlaz G:

if "G:" was the previous drive letter used the last time I ran it. This will then scan the file(s) and replace "G:" with the current drive letter of the USB drive, which is in the %THUMBDRIVE% environment variable (after running setenv.bat). Note that you could write it to save the current drive letter in a separate file, so that you wouldn't have to remember it yourself the next time. But this works well enough for me right now. >>

The binary package is available for Linux and Windows from

http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=89339

Download the latest release (currently Lazarus-0.9.26-0-win32.exe) and launch the application. You will be taken through a typical Windows installation, in which the FPC compiler and source libraries are installed within the same directory structure as Lazarus, and the IDE should launch and operate without significant problems, provided you have uninstalled(!!!) any previous version of Lazarus and/or FPC (often found in the C:\pp directory).

You can also use a Lazarus Snapshot. For download locations see Lazarus Snapshots Downloads.

Tip: It's perhaps a good idea to reboot your Windows after you installed Lazarus and before you try to install additional lazarus components as zeoslib fore example.

Installing from source

If you prefer to install from sources, then follow these instructions (Thanks to Joe for the initial Step-by-step description)


You have to download the lazarus source from one of the snapshots servers. Then unzip it to c:\lazarus for example [below called $(LazarusDir)].

Or you use SVN: 

 []$ svn checkout http://svn.freepascal.org/svn/lazarus/trunk/

You have to install at least fpc-2.2.2, but a fpc-2.3.1 snapshot is also possible. It compiles for me, and lazarus.exe works. The path to my fpc is: c:\pp\bin\win32. In this directory you can find a lot of exe (make, grep, ppc386, and so on).

Open a command line. Start->Run...>command or choose MS-DOS icon.

Type: 

//Replace $(LazarusDir) with the path you have unzipped/checked out Lazarus
cd $(LazarusDir)\ide
set path=c:\pp\bin\win32;$(LazarusDir)  //of course change the first to
                                        //the path of yours
windres -i lazarus.rc -o lazarus.res
cd $(LazarusDir)
make

If you are lucky then you can type: lazarus.exe. The source editor, dialogs and the property editor work, but not perfectly... Look and you will see.

You can compile examples also: 

cd $(LazarusDir)\examples
make

If you extracted lazarus to another drive, eg.: d:\lazarus. It can happen that you need the gnu utility to make it. If you have it, you can take its path to set path=...;<gmakepath> but it is simpler not to choose drive d:\

That's all.

Installing Lazarus under FreeBSD

FreeBSD 5+

The latest version of Lazarus into FreeBSD port tree is 0.9.26. We can to install lazarus using FreeBSD ports. 

[]# cd /usr/ports/editors/lazarus && make install clean clean-depends

If you get the messages about missing source files, go to [menu bar >> Environment >> Environment Options >> Files Tab: FPC source library] and enter the directory of the FPC source files. It can be obtained from /usr/ports/distfiles/freepascal

Good luck, that worked for me. --Jrmarino 21:29, 4 Jan 2006 (CET)

Installing Lazarus under PC-BSD 1.0rc1+

You can install Lazarus on PB-BSD by simply downloading the Lazarus PBI from PBI Dir

Note that you must install glib* port from /usr/port/devel/glib* or glib packages by pkg_add -r glib12 glib20. I will fix this in new PBI releases.

[other OpenBSD/NetBSD/DragonFlyBSD goes here]

Installing Lazarus under Mac OS X

Works pretty much the same as under Linux. But you first need to install the Apple developer tools.

More elaborate instructions can be found in Installing Lazarus on macOS.

To install the Lazarus itself, easy-to-install snapshots are available from the snaphot servers.

If you install all 3 .dmg snapshot files, this also installs the FPC compiler and the FPC and Lazarus source too. If you only need to run Lazarus to develop and compile your own apps, you don't need to install the FPC and Lazarus sources as described above. If you need to rebuild Lazarus or want to help with its development, then you should to install the Lazarus source to a folder where you have read-write permission, as described above.

Now you can start Lazarus by choosing Applications | Lazarus.

Additional experiences and advice on installing FPC and Lazarus

On linux, getting Lazarus to work can be complicated if you have an older version installed. If you have already installed earlier versions of FPC and/or Lazarus, you have to take great care that the PATHS are adjusted so that only your new versions are called.

Pitfalls that I have experienced in various attempts with SuSE linux include:

The rpm versions often install FPC in /bin or /usr/bin, with the libraries in /lib or /usr/lib.

If you perform a make install on a source version or use a .tar.gz, the compiler is usually installed in /usr/local/bin with the libraries in /usr/local/lib.

So if earlier versions have been installed from rpm, make sure all links are changed to reflect the directory structure of your new compiler. The place to make the changes is in /etc/fpc.cfg ; make sure there are no remnant configuration files in your home directory or in your FPC download directory. Typically they are found in ~/.fpc.cfg

Make sure the links in /etc/fpc.cfg point to the correct versions of the libraries (particularly if you have older versions still lurking around).

In /usr/local/bin or /usr/bin there is a file called fpc ; this is the executable that is called when you invoke the compiler. One of the first things it does is to open ppc386 in the same directory. This has to be the same version as the fpc file, or can be a link pointing to the true ppc386 in some other directory (such as a library directory, or the fpc directory in your own development space); be sure to update your link if you install a newer version of the compiler.

Try running the compiler from the command line using one of the simple example programs or one which you wrote yourself.

Turning to Lazarus:

If you use a downloaded snapshot (.tar.gz) or get the source from CVS, enter your lazarus directory and type 

make
./lazarus

and hopefully the IDE should load. There may be a message saying it can't find the sources; if so, go to the menu at the top and select Environment -> Environment options and insert the name of the directory where you expect to find your lazarus files (eg ~/FreePascal/lazarus), your compiler (e.g. /usr/local/bin/ppc386), the FreePascal source directory (e.g. /usr/local/lib/fpc/$version/fpc or a directory in your own space e.g. ~/FreePascal/fpc). Then close the dialog and start programming.

You may find further problems when you start programming or compiling; most of these will be related to PATH selection.

Many of the difficulties are dealt with in the Lazarus FAQ, found either on this WiKi site, or a more complete list on the main Lazarus site

http://www.lazarus.freepascal.org/modules.php?op=modload&name=FAQ&file=index

From the top menu select Run -> Compiler Options (or Project -> Compiler Options in more recent releases of Lazarus) and select the Paths tab on the resulting dialog. There are several boxes for entry of paths for Unit files, Include files, Other source files, Libraries etc. For each of these, it is worth pressing the ... (ellipsis) button on the right, and you will be given a blank window for inserting path information, and a lower window giving some suggestions. Select as many as you like (or ALL!) and press the ADD button to transfer the selections to the upper window. When your selection is complete, press OK and move on to the next box. If you know of other paths which need to be followed, press the Browse button associated with each box, and insert the additional paths.

When you think you have got your paths right, try to compile your application. If there are further path-related errors ('can't find unit .......') then go back and check your paths, both in /etc/fpc.cfg and in your Run -> Compiler Options dialog (or Project -> Compiler Options depending on your version).

Once you have got the environment and PATHS correct, it is worth saving the settings to a file, otherwise you will have to go through this process for each new project. In the Run -> Compiler options dialog there is a Load/Save button; select this and then save the setings to the filename of your choice: mine is ~/FreePascal/default.cfg. Then each time I start a new project, I can go to the Run -> Compiler Options dialog (or Project -> Compiler Options), select Load/Save, and load my default.cfg file to the new project. You can, of course, modify the options for each new project if you so desire.

Original contributors and changes

This page has been converted from the epikwiki version.

  • Initially imported and formatted. VlxAdmin 9/22/2003
  • Changed Joe's part for Windows to require fpc 1.0.10. Vincent 9/25/2003
  • Updated "What is required for lazarus". AndrewJohnson 10/1/2003
  • Finished formatted the InstallingLazarus page VlxAdmin 2/22/2004
  • Posted some notes about Installing FPC and Lazarus: mostly reflecting experiences in trying to get the PATHS right in Linux. 3/11/2004 User:Kirkpatc
  • Copied the contents of my note into the main InstallingLazarus section, edited it slightly. I don't know how to remove the original note. 3/12/2004 User:Kirkpatc
  • Removed the original note. Tidied the wiki and formatting a bit. VlxAdmin
  • Corrected a couple of typos - 3/12/2004 User:Kirkpatc
  • Added link for daily snapshot deb packages - 3/27/2004 Vincent
  • Fixed links in GettingLazarus (downloading binaries) and several other pages. 22 July 2004 User:Kirkpatc
  • Added link for lazarus deb packages - 19 August 2004 VincentSnijders
  • Added a short note on installing in Debian - 23 Nov 2004 User:Kirkpatc
  • Considerable re-write and re-organization of installation section - 11 Dec 2004 User:Kirkpatc
  • Fixed broken link - 9 Oct 2005 User:Avantman42
  • Install Under Slackware - 10/02/2008 User:Amiso
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